Incompletive Verb Stem

Incompletive Verb Stem (INC)

Incompletive verb stem indicates an action is not completed. There are four final suffixes that can be attached to Incompletive: Habitual (HAB), Experienced Past (EXP), Non-Experienced Past (NXP), and the Progressive Future (PFT) suffixes.

Habitual Suffix (-o suffix on Incompletive or Completive stems that the action is repeated or have a habit. Full form of the suffix is -oi (-oʔi)) plus the Incompletive Verb Stem depicts an ongoing activity in the general present, but not necessarily right now.

ᎠᏂᏬᏂᏍᎪᎢ

aniwonisgoi

aàniiwóoniisgóoʔi

anii-wóoniisg-óoʔi

3A.NS-talk:INC-HAB

They talk, maybe not at this moment, but routinely (habitually).

3A.NS – Third Person Set A Non-singular Prepronominal Prefix

HAB – Habitual Suffix

Experienced Past Suffix (-v final suffix on Incompletive and Completive Verb Stems to tell of an event or state that happened or was happening, and the speaker had personal knowledge of it. Full form is -vi (-vvʔi)) plus the Incompletive Verb Stem tells of past activity in which the speaker has personal knowledge.

ᎠᏂᏬᏂᏍᎬᎢ

aniwonisgvi

aàniiwóoniisgvvʔi

anii-wóoniisg- vvʔi

3A.NS-talk:INC:EXP

They were talking. / I saw them talking.

3A.NS – Third Person Set A Non-singular Prepronominal Prefix

EXP – Experienced Past Suffix

Non-Experienced Past Suffix (-e final suffix appears on the Incompletive and Completive Verb Stems to express a past event or state that the speaker has NOT personally experienced. Full form is -ei (-eʔi)) plus the Incompletive Verb Stem depicts a past activity which the speaker has not personally witnessed, what has been reported by others.

ᎠᏂᏬᏂᏍᎨᎢ

aniwonisgei

aàniiwóoniisgéeʔi

anii-wóoniisg- éeʔi

3A.NS-talk:INC-NXP

They were talking. / Somebody told me they were talking.

3A.NS – Third Person Set A Non-singular Prepronominal Prefix

NXP – Non-Experienced Suffix

Progressive Future Suffix (-esdi (-éesdi) final suffix on Incompletive and Completive Verb Stems to express an action will be ongoing in the future) plus the Incompletive Verb Stem denotes an activity that is ongoing in the future through the active effort of the participant.

ᎠᏂᏬᏂᏍᎨᏍᏗ

aniwonisgesdi

aàniiwóoniisgéesdi

anii-wóoniisg- éesdi

3A.NS-talk:INC-PFT

They will be talking.

3A.NS – Third Person Set A Non-singular Prepronominal Prefix

PFT – Progressive Future Suffix

Verbs Explained

First and Third Person Singular Verb List

Verbs Reviewed

Verb Tense, Aspect and Mood